现代大跨度空间钢结构施工技术

详细介绍了大跨度钢结构施工技术的研究与应用。重点探讨了滑移施工技术、非对称整体提升技术、特殊焊接技术等方面的问题 ,并以具体工程实例加以说明。     

Smooth penalty function method for rigorous optimization of distillation processes

Integer decisions on stage numbers and feed locations, and global optimality are still challenging for rigorous optimization of distillation processes. In the present article, we propose a smooth penalty function method to address both these problems. The proposed method is based on the relaxation of the integer decision problem into continuous nonlinear programming (NLP) problem by adopting the bypass efficiency model developed by Dowling and Biegler. A smooth penalty term (SPT) is proposed and added to the total annual cost (TAC) function to form a new objective function, namely, the smooth penalty function. Using the new objective function, the problem is initially solved with negative weight coefficients for the SPTs regarding each column section to get an optimum near the global optimum of the SPT. Then, starting from this solution, the problem is solved again iteratively by increasing the values of the weight coefficients until all the stage numbers become integers. The performance of the method is validated by an illustrating problem and in three case studies, including a reactive distillation optimization problem.     

设计空间差别处理优化方法及其在汽车轻量化设计中的应用

提出了一种设计空间差别处理方法,改进了传统的设计空间移除方法会移除全局最优的弱点。首先应用昂贵点构建一个逐渐缩小的重点空间,同时将在设计空间移除方法中被删除的空间定义为其他空间,然后每次迭代都应用二阶多项式响应面（QF）同时搜索这两类空间,并分别从中选取数目不同的新的昂贵点参与QF的更新和重建。该方法采用在其他空间中选择少量新的昂贵点来代替移除空间,有效地避免了局部最优的陷阱。多个标准函数算例的验证表明,新的方法具有较高的精度和效率。将该方法应用于某款车的后车架轻量化设计中,经过优化,后车架系统的质量减小了7.67kg,即整个系统质量减小了10.4%,且其刚度性能得到提高。与以前提出的混合自适应元模型方法相比,新方法的精度和效率都有显著提高。     

Global optimality properties of total annualized and operating cost problems for compressor sequences

The minimum total annualized cost problem for a series of nonisentropic compressors and coolers that brings a gas with constant compressibility factor from a specified initial pressure and temperature to a specified final pressure and the same temperature is studied in this work. It is established analytically that at the global optimum, the cooler outlet temperatures are equal to the minimum allowable temperature. For constant heat capacity, constant compressibility factor gases, additional properties of the globally optimal compressor sequence are analytically established for the minimum operating cost case. The aforementioned properties permit development of a solution strategy that identifies the globally minimum operating cost. Several case studies are presented to illustrate the developed theorems and solution strategies. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J 60: 4134–4149, 2014     

储氢材料领域全球专利申请态势分析

对储氢材料技术领域专利技的全球申请态势进行了全面深入的分析,包括专利申请趋势、主要申请人、技术产出国、目标国等的分析,得知全球储氢材料整体而言,申请趋缓;主要申请人以日本为主,技术主要集中在日本,专利分布主要集中在日、美、欧、中等经济体,为有关机构和个人提供了一个宏观的研究概况,有利于全面了解储氢材料行业的整体趋势提供专利学意义上的参考。     

XX型一次法轮胎成型机胎体供料架共用模板的设计

通过对XX型半钢丝乘用子午线轮胎一次法成型机胎体供料架共用模板传送皮带的安装方式和纠偏装置的设计,从根本上解决了料的跑偏问题;通过活塞式千层辊的应用,对复合料分不同压力滚压,实现了不同厚度料的无缝搭接;增加精确限位装置和抽真空装置,提高了成型后轮胎的质量,并应用气动设计和安保缸等结构保证了模板的安全可靠。     

Calculation of multicomponent vapor–liquid critical point using the Dividing Rectangles global optimization algorithm

In this paper, the Dividing Rectangles (D.R.) global optimization technique is used to predict the critical temperature and pressure for multicomponent systems. The D.R. optimization algorithm is a fast and reliable optimization method without any need for adjustable parameters, initial guesses or objective function derivation. For calculating the critical point the tangent plane distance (TPD) in terms of the Helmholtz energy is selected. The Peng Robinson (PR) equation of state is applied for determining thermodynamic relations. The procedure of the critical point calculation by means of global optimization is described stepwise in order to clarify the concept and method of programing. The D.R.-based computer program is tested for some multicomponent systems and the results are compared with the Simulated Annealing (SA) global optimization method and with experimental data. The results indicated that the number of the objective function calls (the main parameter that increases the speed and efficiency of an optimization algorithm) is reduced to one twentieth with almost the same accuracy.     

全球视角下的粤港澳大湾区创新发展研究

全球视角下的粤港澳大湾区创新发展研究,将为大湾区建设国际科技创新中心提供方向。立足全球化背景下创新发展趋势,通过分析对比和总结归纳,识别当前大湾区区域和城市在创新发展的特征、问题和原因,并对大湾区提升全球创新地位提出建议。分析发现,大湾区创新主体高度集聚,创新产出和创新服务具有全球竞争力,但仍存在基础创新较弱、创新协作不足、创新服务品质不高等问题。基于以上结论,进一步提出了提升大湾区在全球创新地位的有关建议,包括推动产学研一体化发展、加强多元创新协同、优化创新环境品质等。     

区域建筑业发展竞争力动态评价研究——基于时序全局主成分分析

建筑业与区域经济发展具有高度关联性,并且随着地区经济发展更多地呈现出产业触及面广、多动力驱动发展以及差异性的特点。结合区域经济和建筑业发展的关联性,从影响建筑业发展的内外部因素方面入手构建区域建筑业发展竞争力动态评价指标体系,以时间为发展轴基于时序全局主成分分析和层次聚类分析对区域建筑业发展竞争力进行动态评价、分等级排序。研究结果表明,各省市建筑业发展竞争力来源方向具有差异性,并且处于动态的变化之中,与之相关的竞争力指标除建筑业本身的规模之外,也与地区经济、社会发展水平等密切相关,通过分析建筑业竞争力来源的差异性为提高建筑业发展水平提出合理化建议。     

Combined Mutagenesis and Kinetics Characterization of the Bilin‐Binding GAF Domain of the Protein Slr1393 from the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC6803

The gene slr1393 from Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 encodes a protein composed of three GAF domains, a PAS domain, and a histidine kinase domain. GAF3 is the sole domain able to bind phycocyanobilin (PCB) as chromophore and to accomplish photochemistry: switching between a red‐absorbing parental and a green‐absorbing photoproduct state (λ_max=649 and 536 nm, respectively). Conversions in both directions were followed by time‐resolved absorption spectroscopy with the separately expressed GAF3 domain of Slr1393. Global fit analysis of the recorded absorbance changes yielded three lifetimes (3.2 μs, 390 μs, and 1.5 ms) for the red‐to‐green conversion, and 1.2 μs, 340 μs, and 1 ms for the green‐to‐red conversion. In addition to the wild‐type (WT) protein, 24 mutated proteins were studied spectroscopically. The design of these site‐directed mutations was based on sequence alignments with related proteins and by employing the crystal structure of AnPixJg2 (PDB ID: 3W2Z), a Slr1393 orthologous from Anabaena sp. PCC7120. The structure of AnPixJg2 was also used as template for model building, thus confirming the strong structural similarity between the proteins, and for identifying amino acids to target for mutagenesis. Only amino acids in close proximity to the chromophore were exchanged, as these were considered likely to have an impact on the spectral and dynamic properties. Three groups of mutants were found: some showed absorption features similar to the WT protein, a second group showed modified absorbance properties, and the third group had lost the ability to bind the chromophore. The most unexpected result was obtained for the exchange at residue 532 (N532Y). In vivo assembly yielded a red‐absorbing, WT‐like protein. Irradiation, however, not only converted it into the green‐absorbing form, but also produced a 660 nm, further‐red‐shifted absorbance band. This photoproduct was fully reversible to the parental form upon green light irradiation.